The goal of perch is to identify the expected etiologies of. Only one study included chest radiographs 12, where just one in seven children with clinical pneumonia had abnormal radiographic. A case of an atypical, community acquired pneumonia jefferson. Therapeutic challenges in the management of nosocomial pneumonia. Similar to another study examining pneumonia risk in adults using the ntdb,10 patients who were on a ventilator for more than 30 days were considered outliers and were excluded from the study population since these patients have an extremely high risk for developing pneumonia. Hesi case studies copd w pneumonia flashcards quizlet. For the patient case for this case study, see the printed book. Although mortality from pneumonia in children in the united states has declined by 97% between 1939 and 1996 5, pneumonia continues to be a leading cause of morbidity in children. Case study report clinical decision support for community. Sample nursing case study about pneumonia case study. The pneumonia severity index should be used to assist in decisions regarding hospitalization of patients with cap.
A posttreatment follow up chest xray reveals a right hilar mass. The united nations childrens fund unicef estimates that pediatric pneumonia kills 3 million children worldwide each year. During the first trial, clozapine was used at a higher dose for this patient 350450mgday and included clinically significant sialorrhea, pneumonia, and pneumonialike illnesses requiring. In the preantibiotic era it accounted for most cases of pneumonia. Klebsiella pneumoniae signs and symptoms diagnosis. Introduction this is a case of a 6mos old male baby who was diagnosed wit pcap. Methylene blue, a dye that acts to transport an electron from nadph to hemoglobin, may be administered at a rate of 12 mgkg for 5 minutes to hasten methgb reduction, although in theory other antioxidants such as vitamin c risk of renal stones and hyperoxaluria, tocopherol, or nacetyl cysteine may also be beneficial, and. Pneumonia is the sixth leading cause of death in the united states and the most common cause of death from infectious disease. Pneumoniae can cause the triad of endocarditis, meningitis and pneumonia known as austrian or oslers triad. List the various host factors, or conditions which predispose a patient to developing pneumonia.
A 32yearold female with aids, pneumocystis jiroveci. He was prescribed azithromycin, but has not improved. Pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumoniae continues to be a challenge. A 15 year old female with a history of hay fever develops fever, headache and malaise for 4 days followed by a nonproductive cough and scratchy throat. A 19yearold college student presents with fever, cough, and sore throat of 4week duration. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Aspiration pneumonia is caused by a foreign material, usually food or vomit getting into the lungs from the throat, which irritates the airways and lung tissue and increases chances of a bacterial infection. When pneumonia does occur, it usually is the result of an exceedingly virulent microbe, a large dose of bacteria, andor impaired host defense ds3 case study bacterial pneumonia disease summary table. It is the leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death in the united states and exacts an enormous cost in economic and human terms.
He has a history of htn, parkinsons dementia, dm, and a previous cva. Pneumonia is quite a dangerous and common disease, especially in the cold season. In developed countries, community acquired pneumonia cap contributes to both morbidity and mortality. This case study exemplifies the potentially serious consequences of treatment failure following prescription of a macrolide for communityacquired bacterial. Learn copd with pneumonia case study with free interactive flashcards. Pneumonia from the greek pneuma, breath is a potentially fatal infection and inflammation of the lower respiratory tract i. Pneumoniae causes severe valve damage with one study finding a 20% rate of valve perforation and % rate of perivalve abscess. People with weak immune systems are especially prone to it. A case of an atypical, community acquired pneumonia. In fact, the incidence of legionella as a cause of. Pneumonia is a lung infection caused by bacteria, fungi or viruses center for disease control, 2014. It is characterized by the finding of pneumonic consolidation with multiple areas of necrosis within the lung parenchyma. Sep 08, 2015 the drugs used to fight pneumonia are determined by the germ causing the pneumonia and the judgment of the doctor. Despite chicken soup and orange juice, the cough and fever persist, and her mother drags her to your.
In this same cohort, two thirds of patients required valve replacement. Pneumonia 15 pneumonia is a lung infection involving the lung alveoli air sacs and can be caused by microbes, including bacteria, viruses, or fungi. National center for emerging and zoonotic infectious diseases. Diagnosis and treatment of communityacquired pneumonia. Saleha sadeeqa, institute of pharmacy, lahore college for women university, lahore pakistan, email. A 4yearold white boy was transferred from a local community hospital emergency room for evaluation and treatment of a complicated pneumonia. Pneumonia case study nurs 4214 integrative nursing studocu. Citrate mac purpleyellow emb purplegreen hea orange, poor growth.
He is altered and unable to give much of a history, but by report he has had a decreased appetite, coughing up a large amount of dark, bloody. History of smoking 2packsday prior, beginning at age 14. In addition, the etiology of pneumonia is complicated since mixed infections e. Pdf pneumonia is an infectious disease, in which the lungs are affected by pathological microorganisms, which are most often bacteria or viruses. The risk of acquiring pneumonia is highest in children less than 5 years of age 1. The most common infectious cause of pneumonia in the united states is the bacteria streptococcus pneumoniae.
Case study ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Watkins, md, ms, akron general medical center, akron, ohio tracy l. Data for communityacquired pneumonia cap are weighted averages from validation studies. She is admitted to the icu the same day on a ventilator. Diagnosis and features of hospitalacquired pneumonia. There is a lot of sample nursing case study about pneumonia, but scientists still have a field for the research in order to develop the most reasonable methods of preventing, diagnosing and treating this disease. A nursing case study is a detailed study of an individual patient, which allows you to gain more information about the symptoms and the medical history of a patient and provide the proper diagnoses of the patients illness based on the symptoms he or she experienced and other affecting factors.
Respiratory viral testing, blood cultures, and a chest xray were ordered. However, this illness could represent pneumococcal pneumonia superimposed on a viral upper respiratory tract infection. He was seen by a staff physician at the longterm care facility and was diagnosed with a copd exacerbation. As nosocomial pneumonia has a great impact on the patient community, new treatment advances and information are important to disseminate to those who treat these patients. Initial treatment consists of discontinuation of the offending drug. Mycoplasmal pneumonia is a disease of gradual and insidious onset of several days to weeks. Explain the pathogenesis of pneumococcal pneumonia. Its best to do everything we can to prevent pneumonia, but if one do get sick, recognizing and treating the disease early offers the best chance for a full recovery. Following a chest xray pa viewand lateralwhich revealed an acute pneumonia in the right middle lobe, the patient was treated with antibiotics as an outpatient. What organisms are likely to be causing his pneumonia. Pneumonia more rarely can be caused by a parasite, fungus or yeast. What host factors may have predisposed this patient to pneumonia. This case study compares two different clinical outcomes for a patient with a longstanding psychotic disorder prescribed clozapine on two occasions. The study noted that the sensitivity and specifcity of wuh criteria was 78% and 65%, respectively.
You may complete the case study below and the quiz on carmen by yourself or with your peers. Apr 22, 2020 this program will present new and important perspectives on the treatment, diagnosis, and management of nosocomial pneumonia to the critical care community. Retrospective study,771 patient from a random medicare registry sample cap. The pneumonia etiology research for child health perch study is the largest multisite study of childhood pneumonia since the board of science and technology for international development bostid studies were done in the 1980s. Infectious diseases and antimicrobial stewardship, tufts medical center, boston, ma. When you breathe in, oxygenrich air travels into the body through the airways trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles in your lungs. Clinical presentation, processes and outcomes of care for. During the 10 days of treatment the patients fever abated and he felt somewhat better.
Almost half the subjects were infants, as many as 22 % had wheeze, and pneumonia was diagnosed following the who clinical algorithm 4. Article cap management guidelines by miskovichriddle and keresztes 2006 under the week 14 content section of carmen. He reports he had asthma as a child and hes been treated with albuterol inhalers as an adult. Course integrative nursing nurs 4214 academic year. These deaths occur almost exclusively in children with underlying conditions, such as chronic lung disease of prematurity, congenital heart disease, and immunosuppression. Case study airway\breathingoxygenation pneumonia\chronic.
Vae questions and case studies cindy gross, mt, sm ascp, cic ipconsultant. This program will present new and important perspectives on the treatment, diagnosis, and management of nosocomial pneumonia to the critical care community. What are the complications of pneumococcal pneumonia. Methylene blue, a dye that acts to transport an electron from nadph to hemoglobin, may be administered at a rate of 12 mgkg for 5 minutes to hasten methgb reduction, although in theory other antioxidants such as vitamin c risk of renal stones and hyperoxaluria, tocopherol, or nacetyl cysteine may also be. This module addresses childhood pneumonia, which is a major killer disease in. Epidemiology legionella is noted as one of the top four causes of community acquired pneumonia cap amongst the immunocompromised population, and is a common culprit of hospitalassociated pneumonia. In 1 study, the mortality rate from bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia was 26% in huntington, wv, while it was only 5% in stockholm, sweden. Lemonovich, md, university hospitals case medical center, cleveland, ohio c ommunityacquired pneumonia cap is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. Vae questions and case studies centers for disease.
A urinalysis showed a slightly cloudy specimen with mild proteinuria. Most pneumonias are caused by bacterial infections. It serves as a practical guide to the management of pneumonia in underfive children of the health center level. September 28, 2018 september 28, 2018 papers by dave leave a comment cap, case, pneumonia, pulmonary, study.
Learn more about this type of research by reading the article. Most pneumonia s are caused by bacterial infections. During the first trial, clozapine was used at a higher dose for this patient 350450mgday and included clinically significant sialorrhea, pneumonia, and pneumonia like illnesses requiring. Yolanda bone south university pneumonia case study a major cause of morbidity and mortality is pneumonia. Diagnosis and management of communityacquired pneumonia in. On the basis of the cough of 2 weeks duration in the patients 11yearold child, the pneumonia could be due to m. Choose from 500 different sets of copd with pneumonia case study flashcards on quizlet. Causative germs and treatment may differ depending on whether you have communityacquired pneumonia cap, hospitalacquired pneumonia, or health careassociated pneumonia. A case study zaibunnisa and sadeeqa s institute of pharmacy, lahore college for women university, lahore pakistan corresponding author. The student health service prescribed erythromycin, and she took. Pdf pneumonia from the greek pneuma, breath is a potentially fatal infection and inflammation of the lowerrespiratory tract i. Rp is a 68 yearold male who was admitted to the hospital from his longterm care facility after 1 week of dyspnea and cough. The drugs used to fight pneumonia are determined by the germ causing the pneumonia and the judgment of the doctor.
Although pneumococcal pneumonia has been studied for decades, there are still. Case presentation community acquired pneumonia iii lung. Necrotizing pneumonia is a rare, but potentially deadly complication of bacterial pneumonia. The syndrome of hospitalacquired pneumonia hap is defined as pneumonia occurring in nonintubated patients. Therapeutic challenges in the management of nosocomial. Clinactis is exclusively focused on asia pacific, with solid expertise in applying international quality standards to regional specificities. This case study provides a discussion of the diagnosis, management and comprehensive plan of.
Copd with pneumonia case study flashcards and study. A 4yearold white boy was transferred from a local community hospital emergency room for evaluation and treatment of a complicated pneumonia with hypoxia spo 2 84% on room air the history of. His coagulation studies were within normal limits, as was his thyroid stimulating hormone. Pneumonia is a leading cause of death in the world and the sixth most common cause of death in the united states. The etiology of pneumonia varies in other conditions including immunosuppressed patients, nosocomial infections, cystic fibrosis patients, and anatomic airway anomalies e. Immunodeficiency state and pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. A case study of pediatric pneumonia with empyema journal of.